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Managed according to the principles and modi operandi described in the Charter and internal regulations, the National Collection of the "sunflower" network includes cultivated sunflowers as well as annual and perennial related species and wild relatives. It includes genotypes that France is responsible for conserving : old cultivars and populations of French origins, original stock derived from collecting-missions in French territories, stock known for the presence of identified genes, genetic curiosity, etc.
The collection is available for exchange or use.
On 1st October 1998, the National Collection included : 380 cultivated populations : varieties and landraces, 600 ecotypes of wild relatives belonging to 49 species of the Helianthus genus.
A datadbase is under construction for populations, and a seed lot description and management flowchart has been created. Various research organisations of certain European countries (Spain, Italy, and Germany) collaborate in studying and conserving genetic resources. The work is developing among several Eastern countries too (Bulgaria, Russia, Rumania, Republic of Yugoslavia), each country conserving the resources proper to its own territory. All of this work could come under a European programme.
For further information on this network, contact :
Yves GRIVEAU (INRA Montpellier), griveau@ensam.inra.fr
What are the network management actions ?
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Sunflower genetic resources are managed in France by a cooperative network of partners : conservators of public or private establishments, representatives of the sector and institutes concerned by the resources. The modus operandi is described in a Charter and internal regulations. The members of the network agree not only to make their genetic resources available and circulate them, but contribute towards maintaining and assessing them too.
The management applies to cultivated sunflower plants as well as wild forms and annual and perennial related species.
The objective of the network is thus the long-term management of a National Collection available for exchange or use.
 Conservation and storage
Collection managed in 2 banks :
- a back-up bank where the stock is stored as long as possible before regeneration,
- an active bank for steering samples for redistribution ; lots of 1 thousand viable seeds for lines (populations and pools, wild ecotypes).
Conservation at 4°C and 30% HR for both 2 banks.
Regeneration
Generally every 7 years, harvesting done at 10% RH if possible.
For populations and pools, from a minimum of 150 plants.
Ecotypes : minimum of 20 plants ; lines : 20 self-fertilisations harvested separately.
Distribution
Lines : lots of 50 seeds per accession.
Populations and pools : lots of 200 seeds per accession.
Wild ecotypes : lots of 30 seeds per accession.
Evaluation and characterisation of genetic resources
The conservators conduct the evaluations and characterisations laid down according to the programmes approved by the network. Apart from regeneration, the following criteria are measured : flowering, height, branching, weight of thousand seeds, oil content.
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What are the network partners ?
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The network organization is based on the curators, the moderator, the coordination unit, the steering committee and the multilocal evaluation network.
The curators
| Public establishments |
Private establishments |
| GEVES |
AGRI OBTENTIONS |
| INRA |
AGROSEM |
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ADVANTA |
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ASGROW France |
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CARGILL GENETIQUE EUROPE |
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CAUSSADE SEMENCES |
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DANISCO |
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LIMAGRAIN GENETICS |
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MAISADOUR |
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NOVARTIS SEEDS |
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PAU SEMENCES |
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PIONEER GENETIQUE |
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RAGT |
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SEMUNDO France |
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VERNEUIL RECHERCHE |
The moderator
Yves GRIVEAU (INRA Montpellier), griveau@ensam.inra.fr
The coordination unit
under way
The steering commitee
With the BRG representative, the INRA representative ( Département de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes : Plants Genetic and Improvement Department), the GEVES representative, the network moderator, the conservator representatives, the Ministry in charge of Agricultural representative.
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More information about sunflows
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The national Collection (in french) |
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